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TREAT YOUR DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY WITH TRAZODONE HYDROCHLORIDE (AN ANTIDEPRESSANT)

June 8, 2021    Dave

Depression and anxiety are some of the major mental destroyers that affect the lives of approximately 121 million people worldwide, leading to mental health complications like major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

Benzodiazepines were considered to be an effective treatment for treating non-panic anxiety. But the withdrawal effects and the risk of dependence after long-term therapy with benzodiazepine therapy has made patients opt for a better treatment option.

Non-benzodiazepines have been proved to be effective for treating anxiety and depression without any adverse side effects. One such antidepressant, non-benzodiazepine, is trazodone hydrochloride as a promising candidate for treating MDD and GAD.

Trazodone Hydrochloride:

Trazodone has been approved by the FDA to be used as a treatment option for:

  • Anxiety
  • Insomnia-related depression
  • Anxiety-related depression
  • Unipolar depression

Trazodone has sedative actions to improve appetite, energy levels, and mood. It is also a member of the class of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs). If SSRIs prove to be ineffective, trazodone can be a renewed alternative. (1)

Trazodone works by restoring the balance of serotonin receptors of the brain and inducing sedation. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that impacts your sleep, emotions, and mood. Trazodone increases or restores serotonin to ease anxiety and depression. (2)

Trazodone comes as an off-label medication to treat many other conditions like insomnia, Alzheimer’s disease, and substance abuse.

How Trazodone Hydrochloride Works to Treat Anxiety?

Being a triazolopyridine derivative, trazodone hydrochloride inhibits serotonin type 2 receptors and serotonin transporter to induce antidepressant effects. It increases the levels of serotonin and increases the serotonin activity in the synaptic cleft by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin. (3)

Trazodone hydrochloride also blocks alpha-1 adrenergic receptors and histamine to potentiate serotonin activity. Its exact mechanism of action is still unknown, but trazodone is considered to have better tolerance than other SSRIs, which can cause sexual dysfunction and insomnia. (4)

What Makes Trazodone HCL Better?

  • When first-line treatments, such as SSRIs and SNRIs, do not show any benefits as antidepressants, trazodone HCL is prescribed. There are several research studies, which have proved the efficiency of trazodone in treating anxiety:
  • According to a study of small participants, it was reported that agoraphobia with panic attacks and panic disorder were highly improved with the use of trazodone.
  • In another study published in 2001, trazodone effectively treated post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related nightmares and insomnia.
  • Another study published in 1993 compared trazodone with diazepam. Trazodone relieved anxiety in people with generalized anxiety disorder.
  • When trazodone first became available, it was an effective treatment for geriatric patients with depression because of its anticholinergic activity.
  • Trazodone is associated with fewer side effects. Compared to SSRIs, trazodone is not associated with insomnia, anxiety, and sexual dysfunction because it inhibits 5-HT2C, 5-HT2A, and SERT receptors. (5)
  • Trazodone has also been reported to be very effective in decreasing inflammatory mediator release, which is highly associated with major depression.

How to Take Trazodone HCL?

Trazodone is prescribed depending upon the various factors:

  • Your age
  • The severity and type of condition
  • The type of drug you take
  • Any other medical conditions

At the start, you are recommended to use a low dosage of trazodone HCL, and when it proves to be effective, your doctor increases the dose. It is essential to take the dosage that is prescribed by your doctor only. (6)

The following are some dosages of trazodone HCL for different age groups with anxiety and depression:

For treating generalized anxiety disorder (GAD):

Oral dosage for adults:

Your doctor will recommend divided doses of 150 mg per day PO. Every 3 to 4 days, increase the dose by 50 mg. For inpatients, 600 mg per day PO is prescribed, and for outpatients, a maximum of 400 mg per day PO is prescribed.

For treating depression:

Oral Dose:

Children (6-13 years):

Trazodone HCL is usually not recommended as a first-line treatment for this age group. However, divided doses of 1.5-2 mg/kg/day are recommended.

Adolescents:

Trazodone HCL is usually not recommended as a first-line treatment for this age group. However, divided doses of 1.5-2 mg/kg/day are recommended.

Adults:

Your doctor will recommend divided doses of 150 mg per day PO. Every 3 to 4 days, increase the dose by 50 mg. For inpatients, 600 mg per day PO is prescribed, and for outpatients, a maximum of 400 mg per day PO is prescribed.

References:

  1. Antidepressants for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Placebo-Controlled Comparison of Imipramine, Trazodone, and Diazepam | JAMA Psychiatry | JAMA Network [Internet]. [cited 2021 May 29]. Available from: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/article-abstract/496392
  2. Schwasinger-Schmidt TE, Macaluso M. Other Antidepressants. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2019;250:325–55.
  3. Mechanism of Action of Trazodone: a Multifunctional Drug | CNS Spectrums | Cambridge Core [Internet]. [cited 2021 May 29]. Available from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/cns-spectrums/article/abs/mechanism-of-action-of-trazodone-a-multifunctional-drug/336DB6B060471BA6C675337CC8AA637C
  4. TRAZODONE HYDROCHLORIDE TABLETS, USP [Internet]. [cited 2021 May 29]. Available from: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/fda/fdaDrugXsl.cfm?setid=3f8d7e17-b580-4340-bd8f-e76f8ba00422&type=display
  5. Fagiolini A, Comandini A, Catena Dell’Osso M, Kasper S. Rediscovering trazodone for the treatment of major depressive disorder. CNS Drugs. 2012 Dec;26(12):1033–49.
  6. Trazodone: Side Effects, Dosage, Uses, and More [Internet]. Healthline. 2020 [cited 2021 May 29]. Available from: https://www.healthline.com/health/trazodone-oral-tablet

 

 

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